Armed conflict in eastern Ukraine
The War in Donbass started in 2014, as a result of the Euromaidan protests and the Ukrainian Revolution. The Euromaidan movement began after the Ukrainian government decided to pursue closer ties with the Eurasian Economic Union, instead of following through on their promise of signing an association agreement with the European Union. The increasingly pro-Russian actions of the government led to a period of civil unrest and mass protests, which culminated with the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution. The government was overthrown, and the president at the time, Victor Yanukovych, fled to Russia. Ultimately, the revolution resulted in the creation of a new pro-European government, as well as in the rise of separatist forces in the eastern region of the country and the annexation of Crimea by Russia through military intervention. The increasingly powerful separatist forces count on the support of the Russian government, and are located mainly in the regions of Donetsk and Luhansk, both of which encompass the so-called "Donbass".
This conflict between the pro-Russian insurgency and the Ukrainian government constitutes the War in Donbass. Rebels proclaimed, after failed referendums, Donetsk and Luhansk as independent states (DPR and LPR, respectively.) Neither are recognized internationally, and Ukraine considers their governments as terrorist groups. The conflict is currently at stalemate, and has been labelled a "frozen conflict." However, it's still a warzone with significant Russian military presence, and all attempts to ceasefire have failed. The number of deaths is uncertain but estimated to be around 10,500.
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