Persi Fossi: Peace and Conflict-Bangladesh


Peace and Conflict - Bangladesh
Starting in 1858, the areas of what are now Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka were under British rule and called the British Raj(Raj meaning Rule in Hindustani). The territory that’s considered Bengal was taken as British territory starting earlier, in 1752. Bangladesh and Pakistan were freed in 1947. Britain had just ended fighting in WWII and was exhausted of resources to control their Indian territories, which were increasingly unhappy about being under British rule. At the time of freedom, Pakistan and Bengal were one country, and both considered Pakistan. They were and remain separated by the entirety of India, which not only was a physical distance, but also caused the people from both areas to be distanced. West Pakistan was what we know now as Pakistan, while East Pakistan is now Bangladesh. East Pakistan resented being under the rule of West Pakistan. The two sides fought over political control and choice of language, and the icing on the cake was when West Pakistan declared Urdu as the main language for the whole country, while most of East Pakistan spoke Bangla. East Pakistan fought against this and tensions increased because some students and civilians lost their lives in a revolt(1952) fighting for the right to speak in their native tongue. In 1970, a political party that was strongly in favor of the East separating from the West won in a landslide victory for national elections. The leader of this party was denied the position of  Prime Minister by the West. On March 25, 1971 the West carried out acts on the Eastern people that are now considered genocide as the majority of those killed were Muslim. Through this, they attempted to squash the revolutionary spirit of the East Pakistanis. On March 26, the East declared Independence. Although this is considered their independence day, the true day of independence came on December 16th, after the Indo-Pakistani War(a civil war) was fought. The only other country to get involved was India after they realized they were literally in the middle of all of this.


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